## Escalating Conflict, Humanitarian Crisis, and Socioeconomic Instability

Monthly Report: September 2025

From September 1 to 30, 2025, Rakhine State faced intense conflict, with a junta airstrike killing 23 students in Kyauktaw on September 12–13. The Arakan Army (AA) forced ARSA and RSO militants to withdraw from Maungdaw on September 25

## Fire from Sky and Sea: Junta Strikes Devastate Kyaukphyu and Mrauk-U

Monthly Report | August 2025

Junta airstrikes and naval attacks in Kyaukphyu and Mrauk-U killed civilians, including 14 in Mrauk- U, displacing over 50,000 in Kyaukphyu by August 30.The Arakan Army (AA),...

## Conflict Escalation, Flood Disasters, and Humanitarian Response in Arakan

Monthly Report | July 2025

In July 2025, fighting in Kyaukphyu intensified despite a ceasefire, with the Myanmar military launching airstrikes and ground assaults, resulting in civilian casualties and displacement. The Arakan Army (AA)...

## Forging Rebel Alliances: How Arakan Army Expanded Across Myanmar

Issue Brief | June 2025

Over the past 16 years, the United League of Arakan/Arakan Army (ULA/AA) has evolved from a marginal insurgent group of 26 fighters in KIA-held territory to a dominant force with over 50,000 troops and control over 90% of Rakhine State.

## Blood, Water, and Displacement: Arakan's War-Torn Reality

Monthly Report | June 2025

The ongoing conflict in Arakan, known as Rakhine state, has intensified political tensions, with the Arakan Army (AA) in Rakhine, and generally in Myanmar, revolutionary forces asserting control over key areas while facing resistance from opposing factions.

## War,Famine, Rebel Governance in Arakan

Monthly Report | April 2025

In April 2025, Rakhine State faced escalating conflict as the Myanmar junta violated its 20-day truce with 409 attacks, including airstrikes in Kyaukphyu and the widespread destruction of civilian homes and a hospital in Sittwe. The Arakan Army (AA) consolidated,...

## Governance, Ground Gains, and Growing Crises

Monthly Report | March 2025

Junta Airstrikes in Kyaukphyu: Junta drone strikes and airstrikes targeted Kyaukphyu, hitting Sane Cottage Hospital on March 10, destroying 20 homes in Kap Tha Pyay Village on March 11, and bombing Kyat Tin Village five times by March 14. On March 31, ...

## Connecting the Federal Democracy Charter with the “Way of Rakhita”: A Theoretical Analysis of the State of Relations between the ULA and NUG led Movements

Issue Brief

The relations between the ULA and NUG-led movements against the military regime have been an intense question to be explored in the post-coup Myanmar politics in 2021. Even,...

## February in Focus:Arakan’s Conflict and Crops

Monthly Report: Febuary 2025

In February, Arakan experienced an escalation of conflict, with the military junta intensifying airstrikes on Arakan Army (AA)–controlled areas and causing considerable destruction. The AA has continued to ...

Monthly Report • October 17th, 2025

## Monthly | September 2025

#### Escalating Conflict, Humanitarian Crisis, and Socioeconomic Instability

From September 1 to 30, 2025, Rakhine State faced intense conflict, with a junta airstrike killing 23 students in Kyauktaw on September 12–13. The Arakan Army (AA) forced ARSA and RSO militants to withdraw from...

### Center for Arakan Studies

Monthly Report • August 9th, 2025

## Monthly Report | August 2025

#### Fire from Sky and Sea: Junta Strikes Devastate Kyaukphyu and Mrauk-U

Junta airstrikes and naval attacks in Kyaukphyu and Mrauk-U killed civilians, including 14 in Mrauk- U, displacing over 50,000 in Kyaukphyu by August 30. The Arakan Army (AA) clashed with junta forces, seized territories, and faced accusations of detaining fishermen and targeting Rohingya.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Monthly Report • August 9th, 2025

## Monthly Report | July 2025

#### Conflict Escalation, Flood Disasters, and Humanitarian Response in Arakan

n July 2025, fighting in Kyaukphyu intensified despite a ceasefire, with the Myanmar military launching airstrikes and ground assaults, resulting in civilian casualties and displacement. The Arakan Army (AA) made strategic territorial gains by capturing key outposts and supply routes, while both sides suffered heavy losses in ongoing clashes.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Issue Brief • June 10th, 2025

## Issue Brief | June 2025

#### Forging Rebel Alliances: How Arakan Army Expanded Across Myanmar

English | Myanmar

Over the past 16 years, the United League of Arakan/Arakan Army (ULA/AA) has evolved from a marginal insurgent group of 26 fighters in KIA-held territory to a dominant force with over 50,000 troops and control over 90% of Rakhine State. This transformation marks one of the most significant insurgent ascents in contemporary Myanmar.

Monthly Report • July 18th, 2025

### Blood, Water, and Displacement: Arakan's War-Torn Reality

The ongoing conflict in Arakan, known as Rakhine state, has intensified political tensions, with the Arakan Army (AA) in Rakhine, and generally in Myanmar, revolutionary forces asserting control over key areas while facing resistance from opposing factions.

Mmonthly Report • May 12nd, 2025

### War, Famine, Rebel Governance in Arakan

In April 2025, Rakhine State faced escalating conflict as the Myanmar junta violated its 20-day truce with 409 attacks, including airstrikes in Kyaukphyu and the widespread destruction of civilian homes and a hospital in Sittwe. The Arakan Army (AA) consolidated its position by...

Monthly Report Report • April 7th, 2025

## Governance, Ground Gains, and Growing Crises

Junta Airstrikes in Kyaukphyu: Junta drone strikes and airstrikes targeted Kyaukphyu, hitting Sane Cottage Hospital on March 10, destroying 20 homes in Kap Tha Pyay Village on March 11, and bombing Kyat Tin Village five times by March 14.

Monthly Report • March 11st 2025

## Monthly Report | Febuary 2025

#### February in Focus:Arakan’s Conflict and Crops

In February, Arakan experienced an escalation of conflict, with the military junta intensifying airstrikes on Arakan Army (AA)–controlled areas and causing considerable destruction. The AA has continued to hold key strategic locations, including vital military sites. Attacks on civilians—

Issue Brief • Febuary 14th 2025

## Issue Brief | Febuary 2025

#### Connecting the Federal Democracy Charter with the “Way of Rakhita”: A Theoretical Analysis of the State of Relations between the ULA and NUG led Movements

The relations between the ULA and NUG-led movements against the military regime have been an intense question to be explored in the post-coup Myanmar politics in 2021.

Monthly Report • Febuary 21st 2025

## Monthly Report | January 2025

#### Conflict Dynamics and Socio-Economic Impacts in Arakan

In January 2025, the SAC struggled in Rakhine, failing to conduct a full census and intensifying attacks, including deadly airstrikes in Kan Htaung Gyi, Ponnagyun, and Kyauk Ni Maw.

Monthly Report • January 9th 2025

## Monthly Report | December 2024

#### Shifting Battlefields and Rising Challenges

The battlefields in Arakan are now moving into the southern parts of today's Rakhine State, the southern tail areas of Arakan Roma, and other conjunction areas with Magway, Pago, and Ayeyarwaddy regions.

### Recent Post

- ### Footsteps of China and India on Arakan in Post-Coup Myanmar

  Rakhine State, historically known as Arakan has been a center of international and regional attention due to its strategic location with abundant natural resources in addition to the images of well-noticed armed and communal violence in recent years.

  Center for Arakan Studies

  •

- ### Can the Arakan Army achieve its confederacy dream?

  More than a year since the military seized power in Myanmar, anti-coup resistance groups and,...

  • Frontier

- ### Arakan Review: Return to War

  Just 20 months after a de facto ceasefire between the Myanmar military and the Arakan Army (AA),...

  Center for Arakanstudies

## Brief

Issue Brief • August 14th 23

### A Comparative Analysis of the Post-Cyclone Scenarios of Mocha and Nargis in Myanmar

In comparison between Cyclone Nargis and Mocha, the military regimes’ responses, and actions towards the cyclones’ management in short and long-term perspectives can be seen as not too different. Their own actions for emergency responses and rehabilitation processes remain insufficient in certain factors that lead the affected communities to be more harmful.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Issue Brief • June 15th 23

## The Investments of China and India in Rakhine State: The Perspectives of Rakhine Stakeholders on Ground in Post-Coup Myanmar

The Rakhine State in Myanmar offers immense potential for foreign direct investment (FDI) owing to its strategic location, abundant natural resources, and diverse opportunities in sectors such as agriculture, fishery, tourism, oil and gas, and services. In this context, it is essential to examine the major investments made by China and India in Rakhine State to understand their implications for the local stakeholders. China's Kyauk - Phyu Special Economic Zone (SEZ) and Deep Seaport project aims to reduce its dependence on the Strait of Malacca for transporting oil and liquefied natural gas from the Middle East.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Issue Brief • April 14th 23

## Footsteps of China and India on Arakan in Post-Coup Myanmar

Rakhine State, historically known as Arakan has been a center of international and regional attention due to its strategic location with abundant natural resources in addition to the images of well-noticed armed and communal violence in recent years. The two regional powers with the world’s first and second largest populations, namely China and India, have focused on the area for their strategic keynotes regarding regional and international trade, transportation, and communication.

### Center for Arakan Studies

## Report

Monthly Report • Octomber 11st 2023

### Monthly Report | September 2023

Skirmish and Instability in Arakan Rise

This report is a part of the ‘Monthly Report’ series released by the Center for Arakan Studies (CAS). For the month of ‘September’, the CAS has developed this new report based on the four key sections such as ‘politics’, ‘economics’, ‘social issues’ and ‘humanitarian context’ mainly focusing on the state of affairs happening in Rakhine State (Arakan).

### Center for Arakan Studies

Special Report • May 10th 2023

## Special Report | Arakan At a Feeble Cease-fire | March 2023

By:Center for Arakan Studies

While the junta’s forces and Arakan Army (AA) are now in an informal truce, the news of the registration of the political parties in Rakhine have become more prominent in March. As the twoarmed parties are in a lack of trust toward each other, the reinforcements of the military force and silent confrontation become the affairs of politics. For example, neither the junta has a clear date for its sham election, nor the ULA has a decisive stand on election issues.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Monthly Report • September 12nd 2023

## Monthly Report | August 2023

The Flooding, and Rise of Armed Groups’ Activities in Arakan Add Another Layer of Hardship

This report is a part of the monthly report series by the CAS. The report usually covers four key areas happening in the state of Rakhine. The first part covers the politics concerning the armed revolution, the junta activities and political freedom, etc. The second is about the economic situations of the state that correspond to issues like rising prices, declining demand, foreign direct investment, and border trade, etc.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Monthly Report • August 17th 2023

### Monthly Report | July 2023

Political Tensions Among Different Parties in Arakan Grow

This report is a part of the monthly report series by the CAS. The report usually covers four key areas happening in the state of Rakhine. The first part covers the politics concerning the armed revolution, the junta activities and political freedom, etc. The second is about the economic situations of the state that correspond to issues like rising prices, declining demand, foreign direct investment, and border trade, etc.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Monthly Report • July 11st 2023

## Monthly Report | June 2023

Cyclone Mocha’ “Politicization” And “Weaponization"

This report is a part of the ‘Monthly Report’ series released by the Center for Arakan Studies (CAS). For the month of ‘June’, the CAS has developed this new report based on the four key sections: politics, economics, social issues, and humanitarian context mainly focusing on the situation happening in Arakan.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Monthly Report • June 16th 2023

## Monthly Report | May 2023

Response to Cyclone Mocha in Rakhine State

This report aims to provide an update and comprehensive information regarding the strike of Cyclone Mocha on the coast of Arakan on May 14, 2o23. But, as it is released as a part of the ‘Monthly Report’, the content of the work will only cover the cyclone-related information during the month of ‘May’.

### Center for Arakan Studies

Monthly Report • April 7th 2023

## Monthly Report | March 2023

By:Center for Arakan Studies

In political sector, news related to elections, political freedom, SAC-junta activity, armed revolution, and ceasefire situations has been the most dominant on the local media agencies in the past four months from January to April in Rakhine. Election news includes the junta appointed-Union Election Committee (UEC) approval of political parties, removal of non-registered parties’ signboards, anti-election campaigns,...

### Center for Arakan Studies